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The procedures involving keepalive use three user-driven variables:
- time
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- : the interval between the last data packet sent (simple ACKs are not considered data) and the first keepalive probe; after the connection is marked to need keepalive, this counter is not used any further
- interval
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- : the interval between subsequential keepalive probes, regardless of what the connection has exchanged in the meantime
- probes
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- : the number of unacknowledged probes to send before considering the connection dead and notifying the application layer
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